ATP Dubai 2010 Final Djokovic - Youzhny 5/10

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Buzzin Boyz at Marriot chillen with POREOTIX afterwards USHER Theme achievement 3/16/10

Buzzin Boyz x ATP chillen at Marriot with POREOTIX, and Hype 5-0 after Usher Theme ABDC5 performance.... 3/16/10



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Laser Weapons in the Military

Laser weapons used to belong only to the realm of science fiction with Starwars being the most classic example. Recently due to improvements in laser technology, the possibility of real laser weapons is becoming more and more real. The question no is not do laser weapons exist, the question is how advanced, widespread and in what form are current laser weapons.

International laws for laser weapons

In 1995 the Conventional Weapons Convention in Vienna banned the use of laser weaponry on the battlefield that were "specifically designed, as their sole combat function or as one of their combat functions, to cause permanent blindness to unenhanced vision". Due to a loop hole this ban hampered but did not stop the development of laser weapons the leading developer, the US military.

Current Developments

In 2002 the U.S. Special Operations Command handed a contract to Boeing to develop an Advanced Tactical Laser (ATP) that was to be airborne and used for ultra precision strike missions. The laser itself is a closed-cycle, chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL). Based on the 1995 ban, this laser is not designed to cause blindness. It is much easier to blind a person driving a vehicle than to immobilize the vehicle itself so it remains to be seen what the actual purpose of the ATP is.

In another laser weapon development, the US Department of Defense (DOD) awarded Northrop Grumman the Joint High-Powered Solid State Laser (JHPSSL) project. The objective of this project is to produce a 100kW laser that can destroy rockets, mortars and artillery. The US airforce also added precision strike as one of the projects objectives. Northrop Grumman says the project is on schedule and they will reach the 100kW goal by the end of 2008.

Not to be outdone by the airforce, the US army has awarded Boeing a 36 million dollar contract to develop a truck mounted laser cannon known as the High Energy Laser Technology Demonstrator (HELTD). Once again the purpose of this laser weapon is to shoot down rockets and artillery shells but the HELTD would also be very effective at blinding enemy combatants.

The US is far from the only country seeking to develop or use laser weapons. Earlier this year the Canadian military drew harsh criticism over a $10 million laser weapon acquisition project. Those laser weapons are portable lasers that are designed to "temporary blind" people at 50 to 500 meters. This purchase is controversial because it is seen as violating the 1995 ban. This project is presently awaiting approval from Defence Minister Peter MacKa.

On a more peaceful and positive note, Dedicated Systems in Australia has developed a Airborne Laser Mine Detection System (ALMDS). This system works by using an airborne light detection and ranging blue-green lasers to detect, localize and classify mines over a large area of the ocean.

Outcome

Laser weapons are widespread and range in form from large aircraft and vehicle mounted to mobile and hand held. At present the smaller more mobile dazzling (blinding) type laser weapons are already deployed and the larger more powerful lasers should start becoming operational with in a year.

Click here for Military Grade Laser Modules.

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Andy Roddick - Post-Final Match Press Conference - BNP Paribas Open 2010

www.youtube.com/BNPParibasOpen - Andy Roddick lost to Ivan Ljubicic in themen's singles final of the BNP Paribas Open 2010 by 7-6 7-6 in Indian Wells, California, on Sunday, March 21. He talked after the match in a press conference.



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JebjsX-AZYY&hl=en

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Flow Injection Or Segmented Flow Analysis - What Are the Similarities and Differences?

The reason to use SFA or FIA

The reason to automate is so that you can run more samples. Running more samples is the same as increasing your productivity. Having an instrument run samples for you decreases your labor costs. Having the instrument do all those boring mixings and shakings increases your day to day precision. This improves quality and really helps with that QA/QC program. Whether you are a research facility, a municipal laboratory, or a commercial lab, you can benefit from automation.

Almost any method that can be done manually can be automated. Time consuming steps such as manual titrations can be replaced using instrumentation. Instruments can do digestions, distillations, dilutions, and filtrations all for you. More importantly, is that these methods are always duplicated exactly ensuring that quality control procedures are met.

Your most expensive cost is labor, and after that is supplies. A flow analyzer will allow you to do more samples in less time and increase the amount of time you or your staff spends on more important things like running other samples, reporting results, and doing that dreaded paper work. Automated equipment uses less reagents and generates less waste than manual methods do. This is not about getting rid of staff. This is about freeing up time so that staff can have time to prepare and run more samples. The beauty of the auto analyzer is that it is running samples while you are doing something else.

History of Flow Analysis

The original automated analyzer is the Auto Analyzer invented by Leonard Skeggs in 1954. It took the Technicon Corporation three years to perfect it and develop a commercial product. The concept of auto-analysis eventually branched out and has roots in almost every automated device we see today. Flow Injection Analysis was a way to get out of buying a Technicon Auto-Analyzer because a person with a peristaltic pump, some Teflon tubing, and a flow through spectrometer cell could fabricate their own device. In fact, the first FIA instruments were held together with Lego blocks. The first commercial FIA instrument was introduced by Tecator, the analytical branch of Perstorp.

All continuous flow analyzers share a commonality of parts with similar functions. All have an autosampler, pumps, reagent mixing manifolds comprised of tubing, a flow through detector, and a way to collect the signal. The signal is always expressed as a peak with a maximum and a baseline, and the peak is either bell shaped, or rectangular.

Segmented Flow Analysis (SFA)

Segmented Flow analysis is the first auto chemistry and is what Skeggs initially demonstrated to the Technicon corporation. Segmented flow enjoys over 50 years of success as a proven technology. Segmented flow is the basis of multiple automated EPA and many other regulatory methods.

A typical segmented flow analyzer pumps the sample into the cartridge using peristaltic pump tubing. The sample merges with an air segmented carrier stream, reagents are added and mixing occurs by end over end mixing in coils as the sample is transported down the path of the tubing. Depending on the internal tubing volume and the amount of time the transport from injection to detection takes there could be multiple samples inside the tubing at a given time. For instance, if the delay time is 10 minutes and samples are injected every minute there will be 10 samples traveling within the tubing.
Flow Injection Analysis (FIA)

Flow Injection Analysis is considered as an acceptable alternative to equivalent segmented flow methods. In other words, though USEPA method 350.1 is a segmented flow method, the USEPA considers a FIA method equivalent. There are thousands of literature references to FIA methods, and multiple ATP approvals. Since the EPA considers FIA equivalent to SFA, OI did not obtain EPA ATP letters. There are also several FIA methods that are EPA approved without an SFA equivalent, for instance CN by OIA1677.

In Flow Injection analysis the sample is injected by a valve into a carrier stream. The sample solution does not pass through peristaltic pump tubing prior to the valve. Mixing occurs as the sample travels through tightly wound Teflon mixing coils. Unlike segmented flow that may contain multiple samples within the tubing all at the same time, Flow injection injects a sample and detects it before the next sample is injected.

Comparison of SFA and FIA

Flow Injection is basically a derivative of SFA without air segmentation. Both SFA and FIA mix sample and reagents in a continuously flowing stream of reagents. The reaction that occurs, the peak shape, the sensitivity, and so forth is all determined by how the tubing is configured, where the reagents are teed in, and the length of the tubing that the reactions are happening in. Instrument manufacturers configure tubing "cartridges" according to published methodology, or develop methods based on R&D and published works.

An analyst can readily change and/or modify method performance simply by modifying any aspects of the analytical cartridge. Since the segmentation of SFA limits dispersion, SFA is a bit more forgiving than FIA in the length of tubing. For instance, the addition of extra tubing on a FIA method can significantly change peak shape and sensitivity, while additional tubing on a SFA system does not really matter. For example, at one of my previous laboratories we routed an SFA method that had a non-working heater cartridge through several feet of tubing to the fecal coliform bath and then back to the detector. Adding several feet of tubing would have been detrimental to FIA, but was un noticeable in the SFA method.

Literature is deceiving in sample size as SFA methods tend to use less sample than FIA. Throughput by FIA is not faster, and in fact it has been demonstrated that a well operated SFA system far exceeds FIA in samples per hour. SFA mixes by an end over end similar to putting sample and reagent in a vial and inverting. FIA mixes by what Ruzika termed "controlled dispersion" which is harder to explain than end over end, and is a result of solution flowing faster through the center than at its sides, and then rapidly colliding with the walls of the mixing coils and other flow interruptions placed in its path. SFA signals do not have to be brought to a maximum, but theoretical SFA should always be and the resulting peak would be rectangular. Because of the "tunneling" that occurs in FIA flow, a FIA peak is Gaussian.

It is hard to say exactly what the maximum time for a SFA incubation is because the only limiting factor is the minimal carryover that occurs as solution "transfers" from one segment to the next while traveling down the tube. Most FIA literature places 2 minutes at the maximum for FIA. In fact, Ruzika and Hansen gave a 1 minute maximum for FIA reaction.

Advantages of Flow Methods

Many methods are written specifically for continuous flow analysis. Some examples are ammonia by EPA 350.1 or Block digestion TKN by EPA 351.2. An example of a FIA method written specifically for FIA is OIA 1677. These EPA methods specify automated chemistry in the methodology itself. Other methods, such as the manual fluoride by ISE method, can be modified according to 40 CFR Part 136.6 and made into automatic methods. Continuous flow methods reduce manual labor and that reduction of manual labor tends to make precision better and reduce potential contamination. Flow methods also tend to have lower MDL's than manual methods and a better chance of fewer QC failures.

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Procera AVH Takes All Your Worries Away

Is having a poor memory, inability to focus and concentrate, and mental absence causing you dilemma? Is it such a burden to not face every day with confidence? We have found a solution for you. Just take Procera AVH and face life's challenges without any worries.

Procera AVH is an all-natural nutritional supplement. It is a breakthrough supplement proven to be safe, and effective in helping enhance and restore brain's natural function. It is proven to help one's memory, mood, concentration, focus, and energy back to its original state. The main action of this is to bring back the natural level of oxygen and the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain.

The ingredient that contributes greatly to the success of this nutritional supplement is Vinpocetine. This is taken from the Periwinkle flower or vinca minor.

Vinpocetine has been used for centuries to help alleviate weariness which is associated with advanced age. It is proven to enhance cognitive functions like long-term and short-term memory, alertness, awareness, and preparedness. But how does it work? It works by facilitating cerebral metabolism and helps improve blood flow in the brain which in turn results in increased oxygen delivery and glucose utilization. Aside from the aforementioned, Vinpocetine is also known to aid in the production of ATP which increases the brain-cell energy. ATP or Adenosine-5'-triphosphate transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism.

Aside from Vinpocetine, which is the magic behind the effectiveness of Procera AVH, there is also Huperzine A and Acetyl-l-carnitine. Huperzine A is a substance from the Chinese club moss. It increases the levels of acetylcholine. It aids in improving memory and mental function. Acetyl-l-carnitine is an amino acid known to help produce energy in the body. It aids in age-related memory loss, depression, and poor circulation in the brain.

Once taken, Procera AVH makes you feel that you are full of energy throughout the day but it doesn't contain any stimulants at all. It is safe to take as long as you follow the directions on how to properly use Procera AVH.

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CoQ10 and health

Coenzyme Q10 is a ubiquitous compound (hence the name, ubiquinone), which is in every cell of the body. The primary function of CoQ10 is to maintain a rapid conversion of oxygen (O2) in water (H2O) in the mitochondria of the cell. In the process of free electrons in the chemical conversion of sugars and fats are produced and transferred into chemical energy crops (together with protons, H +) to oxygen molecules. The energy in the reduction of oxygen (O2) released to water (H2O)is used to make ATP, the carrier of chemical energy by mitochondria, the rest of the cell.

CoQ10 is absolutely good for the free electrons needed to meet the oxygen within a cell. In fact, CoQ10 provide a focal point for the "electron transport chain, linking the molecules, the shuttle only through cell specific proteins (cytochrome) that electrons directly to the molecules of O2.

Because CoQ10 plays a centralRole in connecting the electrons and oxygen determines the amount of CoQ10 available, the rate of energy production by a cell - even if a lot of oxygen and electrons, "pending". People can synthesize cCoQ10 endogenous and therefore is not considered a vitamin. However, studies show that levels of CoQ10 decrease with age and taking certain medications. Therefore, integration of CoQ10 is needed to refuel. availability CoQ10 in the mitochondria of cells is an importantDeterminant of energy and thus the speed and force of contraction in cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes) and, indeed, in all muscles.

It 'clear that the heart of all the muscles - legs, arms, chest and benefits from ample supply of CoQ10. The efficiency of muscular work, the amount of energy consumed during the work and the ability to use energy in productive activities and pleasant all depend on the availability of sufficient amounts of CoQ10. Studies have shown that theEuropean Heart Journal and published in the Archives of Neurology, increase the supply of CoQ10 available, all the muscles in support of their efforts to valuable work harder, faster and longer. CoQ10 supports both aspects of the activity intensity and duration. Increasing the maximum intensity of work that can be achieved, CoQ10 can help the user experience seems to be lighter and require less effort. Increasing the length of time to enjoy the activities, may be to ensure adequatelevels of CoQ10 can contribute to delay feelings of fatigue.

few nutrients for the heart, were studied as Coenzyme Q10. In the body, serves to the body convert food into components from our ATP, can use energy. Several studies have shown that CoQ10 supplementation, cardiovascular health and supports healthy cardiovascular function.

Even if CoQ10 will give you "energy" - this requires a healthy diet - CoQ10 helps your energy moreeffective - they make you feel energetic, active and healthy. I wrote much more about CoQ10 and other compounds / nutrients in my book "The best kept secrets for healthy aging.

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