VTCT Anatomy and Physiology Questions

If you are thinking about a career in the complementary field, for example, as a massage therapist or beauty therapist, you will first need to gain an accredited qualification in Anatomy and Physiology.

VTCT offer a Level 3 Diploma in Anatomy and Physiology. All body systems are covered under this course including diseases and disorders related to each system.

The format of the final assessment is multiple choice questions, there is a high pass mark of 70%. There is no room for error with multiple choice questions, you have one question with four possible answers and you must choose only one answer.

Some sample questions are as follows:

1. Where is ATP produced?
a) Nucleus
b) Nucleolus
c) Mitochondria - Answer
d) Ribosomes

2. The popliteal nodes are located;
a) In the neck
b) Behind the knee - Answer
c) On the tonsils
d) In the spleen

3. The pulmonary artery;
a) Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs - Answer
b) Carries oxygenated blood to the lungs
c) Carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the body
d) Carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body

4. What organ secretes intestinal juices?
a) Small intestine - Answer
b) Liver
c) Gall bladder
d) Pancreas

5. Voluntary muscle is also known as;
a) Smooth muscle
b) Cardiac muscle
c) Unstriated muscle
d) Skeletal muscle - Answer

This is a very tough subject to learn and as a result it is vital to have a question bank of Anatomy and Physiology Questions which you can use to revise the syllabus. These questions are used to test your understanding of the subject as you progress through your studies.

I would recommend that you break each body system down separately. The best way to revise this subject is to have a bunch of record cards with the VTCT Anatomy and Physiology Questions written on them. Learn 10 - 20 questions each day and then test yourself at the end of each week. You will be able to tell which area is your strongest and which is your weakest so you can adjust your revision plan.

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Creatine Does Work

When creatine is ingested it travels to the muscles through the blood stream. Once inside the muscle cells, it is turned into a substance called creatine phosphate. Which is used for short term energy bursts for such activities as strength training and sports that require short, fast bursts of activity. Creatine phosphate aids in replenishing your levels of ATP. Adenosine triphosphate, ATP is the molecular fuel that provides the power for muscular contractions.

During muscle contraction, ATP loses a phosphate molecule to create energy and gets converted to adenosine di phosphate (ADP). In order to produce more energy ADP must be converted back to ATP. When ATP is depleted, creatine acts as a source of phosphate and converts the ADP molecule to ATP molecule. The more creatine that is available to the body, the faster the body can produce ATP molecules, so that more and more energy is available for the muscle contractions.

Increased amounts of creatine slow the possibility of fatigue. Creatine helps in the synthesis of protein, which further promotes muscle growth and development.

Creatine pulls water into the muscle which obviously makes the muscle look bigger. This ability of creatine seems to have convinced many that the increase in muscle mass with creatine intake is simply due to water retention.

However, studies have shown a significant increase in actual muscle cross sectional area with creatine consumption and strength training.

Not all muscle types respond equally to creatine supplementation. Muscles can be loosely described as either fast or slow. As the name implies, fast twitch muscle fibers mediate abrupt movements. Fast twitch muscle fibers are also those that mostly use creatine energy production. Therefore, explosive movements respond best to creatine supplementation.

However, Slow twitch muscle fibers do not rely much on creatine energy production. Slow muscle fibers are also those that play an important role during endurance exercise. It follows that endurance tasks are influenced less by creatine supplementation. Many endurance sports may be negatively effected by the increase in weight associated with creatine supplementation.

Creatine can provide energy in a short span of time. Which makes creatine a very successful supplement for athletes and weight lifters as they need those sudden burts of energy quite frequently. Creatine has been shown to be very effective in performance of repeated bursts of exercise because it enhances recovery.

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Aerobic Vs Anaerobic Exercises

Our body is like a machine. The muscular-skeletal system of the body which consists of the muscles, bones, ligaments and tendons are just like parts of a machine. Just as a machine needs to work regularly, otherwise it catches rust, our body also requires functioning. However there is a need of proper functioning. Evolutionary trends show that human beings are orthognathus and have to maintain an upright position against gravity unlike the quadruped. The upright position is a higher criteria of an evolve organism like human beings and gives the feather of most evolved brain in the animal world.

However, regular exercises are needed to keep this body which has evolved over millions of years in proper shape and in good functioning. However many people do not like to exercise. But exercising regularly in a right way can have many benefits. Exercises burn extra calories which are taken and keep the body fat free. When there is excessive calories in body they convert into glycogen and are stored in muscles which in turn may converted to fat and can form harmful effects on the circulatory system.

People become overweight because of irregular food habits and sedentary life style. If one resorts to healthy lifestyle and appropriate diet then he would never become obese. Being obese have many side effects, it gives rise to life style related diseases like cardio vascular diseases, gastroenterological problems, diabetes etc. it is also seen that people who are obese have a compromised sexual drive. However obesity can be managed with regular exercise and determination. Exercises are of two types. One is Aerobic exercise and the other is anaerobic exercise. Exercises which make available regular source of oxygen is named as aerobic exercises.

However, if the exercise is vigorous and repetitive in a very small time then adequate oxygen is not supplied to body tissues and the cells for proper oxidation and that result sin anaerobic respiration to produce energy or ATP which is called a unit of energy. This exercise is called anaerobic exercises. Aerobic exercises have many benefits. In aerobic exercises the oxidation is complete and proper burning of glucose takes place where as in anaerobic respiration the oxidation is incomplete and a byproduct named lactic acid is formed which is harmful for body cells. An excess of lactic acid concentration in the tissues paralysis the muscle of the body temporarily. Hence it is advisable to resort to aerobic exercises.

Let's take a look into the benefits of aerobic exercises. Regular aerobic exercises burns undesired calories in body and build endurance of the muscles. As you grow older the muscle mass is not bigger but you have the requisite strength in the muscles. Aerobic exercises keep the hormonal balance in the body, elevates mood and keeps a balance in metabolic activities. In a hectic schedule of work and a stressful day aerobic exercises can relax you and proper oxygen supply to body tissues rejuvenates the body. The cardiac output is maintained and the risks of any abnormality with cardiac system are minimized. So there are multifold benefits associated with aerobic exercise over anaerobic exercise. It is highly recommended to get in touch with a trainer and health care provider who can give you suggestions and keep track of the progress which is most essential part.

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The Many Uses of Honey in Everyday Life

Over the last several thousand years honey has been used in all different facets of life. Initially used as a sweetener due to its sweet taste, it is now used in other fields besides cooking and baking. In some eastern cultures honey is considered a natural healer and has been used in treating several different ailments. With so many different ways to use honey, it's no wonder why it is still being consistently used in everyday life.

Here are ten different ways that honey can be used to increase energy, improve your immune system, treat ailments and so much more!

1. Sweetener: With honeys naturally sweet taste and its main ingredients being fructose (fruit sugar) and glucose, honey can be added to almost anything to enhance the flavor. Honey has been known to be mixed with milk, lemon, and cinnamon to create delicious and healthy concoctions. Not only can it replace sugar but its also better for you than sugar is. Fructose and glucose are more readily broken down and used within the body rather than being stored as fat. Honey can be added in cooking, and baking or to beverages such as tea.

2. Natural Energy Booster: Honey is a great source for natural energy. As a carbohydrate, honey is easily used within the body to create ATP= Adenosine Triphosphate also known as energy. One tablespoon of honey will provide the body with approximately 17 grams of carbohydrates.

3. Enhance Athletic Performance: Due to its easy conversion into energy, honey has been known as a great source of fuel not only for long workouts but also for muscle recuperation after workouts. Honey can be taken before a workout to boost energy, during a workout to limit fatigue and nourish muscles and after a workout to restore muscle glycogen and muscle recovery.

4. Increasing Weight Loss: Although honey is a carbohydrate and is comparable to sugar in regards to calories, honey has some alternate ingredients that weight gain. Sugar lacks the additional vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and antioxidants that honey possesses therefore confirming the adage "empty calories". However it is these extra ingredients that enhance honeys ability to reduce weight. Either taking it by itself or mixing it with other ingredients, honey can increase metabolism and improve digestion of fat stored within the body. Mixtures of honey with warm water, lemon juice and cinnamon have all be used to support increased weight loss.

5. Vitamins & Minerals: Honey contains small amounts of vitamins and minerals, which enhance its natural healing capabilities and its nutritional value. Depending upon the flower from which the nectar was obtained will determine the amount and the variety of vitamins and minerals present in the honey. However some of the most frequent vitamins include niacin, riboflavin and pantothenic acid; and minerals include calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium and zinc.

6. Antioxidants: In addition to vitamins and minerals, honey contains antioxidants also known as nutraceuticals. Phytochemicals, a form of nutraceuticals are found in plants and have been found to improve health throughout the body. These phytochemicals also known as antioxidants have been known to reduce the oxidation of free radicals within the body which can lead to disease, illness and aging.

7. Antibacterial, antifungal and antiseptic properties: Honey is a natural antiseptic which has been known to inhibit microbial growth therefore decreasing the risk of infection and reducing inflammation and pain. It can be used in cleansing and sterilization as well as increasing the healing process.

8. Wound and Scar Management: Honey has been used as a topical gel on cuts, and wounds for thousands of years. However, it has been more recently that
its ability to decrease infection and aid in the healing process has been proven. It not only cleans wounds, it acts as an anti-inflammatory, reduces the risk of infection and heals the skin as well. Internally ulcers, and gastro-intestinal problems have also been healed through the use of honey.

9. Skin care: Honey is a great natural resource for skin care. Not only can it honey be used for various types of skin conditions and problems but it can be used topically, internally or as an ingredient in several skin care products. Honey is a natural moisturizer because it locates moisture and locks it in therefore it is great for not only oily skin by reducing excess oil but it is also good for dry or combination skin because it adds moisture to the skin. In addition honey has several antioxidants, which reduce wrinkles and the signs of aging. Drinking milk with honey daily has been known to smooth skin, and give it a natural, healthy, youthful appearance.

10. Cold & Flu fighter: Honey boosts the bodies the immune system to naturally fight off colds and flu symptoms. However, if you start to notice those symptoms creeping up on you, start by taking a tablespoon of honey a day. Not only does honey inhibit the growth of infections but also it can ease the symptoms of a sore throat and cough. Honey lines the throat reducing the irritation and the urge to cough. Also drinking warm water or tea with lemon and honey can flush out the toxins and congestion from the body, and also prevents dehydration.

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The Best Coq10 Supplement Can Make Serious Improvements in Your Health

By taking the best coq10 supplement you can find on a daily basis you can make serious improvements in your health. Studies have proven that this substance can be effective in treating many different physical ailments, and it is especially good at treating problems concerning the heart. The heart is one of the organs in the body that requires high amounts of energy.

Coenzyme Q10 is an oil soluble substance that is present in the eukaryotic cells throughout the body, where it is primarily concentrated in the mitochondria. This substance is a component of the body's electric transport chain, and it plays a role in aerobic cellular respiration. This is the process that generates energy in the form of ATP, which is what makes up about 95% of the body's energy.

The best coq10 supplement will reduce your chances of developing congestive heart failure, and will relieve your symptoms if you already suffer from this ailment. Studies have shown that it is low levels of coenzyme Q10 that seem to congestive heart failure, so it would be a good idea to ensure that you keep the levels of the substance as high as possible.

It has been shown that there is a positive survival benefit in administering coenzyme Q10 after someone has suffered cardiac arrest. Research has also proven that increasing your levels of coenzyme Q10 will lower systolic blood pressure by as much as 17mm Hg, and diastolic blood pressure by up to 10mm Hg, in people suffering from hypertension. There are more benefits that you can enjoy as well.

A daily routine of taking the best coq10 supplement possible can also be of great benefit to you if you are one of the unfortunate people that routinely suffer from migraine headaches. Higher levels of coenzyme Q10 have also been discovered to improve the performance of people with Parkinson's disease. It is thought that this is because CoQ10 raises dopamine levels.

Coenzyme Q10 is absolutely necessary for those that have very rare and serious mitochondrial or metabolic disorders, which make the patient unable to produce enough coenzyme Q10 on their own. There are even some studies ongoing to determine whether or not this substance will work as a treatment for cancer, and to see if it will relieve the side effects of various cancer treatments.

The best coq10 supplement will possibly do wonders for your health, but in my opinion the best way for you to get an ample supply of coenzyme Q 10 is not from a formula that features the substance by itself. You need plenty of nutrients other than just this one, so a good high quality multivitamin featuring plenty of minerals, amino acids, enzymes, and herbs is called for.

You want a formula that will offer you everything that your body needs in order to enjoy optimum health. The best coq10 supplement in the world cannot offer you all of the benefits that such a well rounded nutritional supplement can. Covering all of your bases is the best way to ensure that you stay well.

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